Cross-feed mechanism for machine tools



1927' A, K. WATCHER- CROSS FEED MECHANISM FOR MACI KINE TOOLS Filed Nov.22. 1920.

s sheets-sheet 1 1,630,042 May A. K. WATCHER cao-ss FEED-MECHANISM FORmomma TOOLS Filed Nov. 22. 1920 3 ShgetS-Sheet 2 A 1 630 042 1927' A. K.WATCHER CROSS FEED MECHANISM FOR MACHINE TOOLS Filed NOV. 22. 1920 3Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented May 24, 192

UNITED STATES ALBERT K. WATCHER, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

CROSS-FEED MECHANISM FOR MACHINE TOOLS.

Application filed November 22, 1920. Serial No. 425,714.

An object of my invention is to provide a cross feed for a shaper, inwhich there is a positive mechanism for feeding the work only on theback stroke of the shaper. Another object is to provide a device for thepurpose stated that will operate uniformly, regardless of the directionof the cross feed.

Another object is to provide a device wherein it will be possible toaccurately adjust the cross-feed.

Another object is to provide a cross feed mechanism in which all oftheparts subject to wear are stationary at all times except during thefeeding ope ation.

These and other objects are attained by the means described herein anddisclosed in the accompanying drawing in which *ig. 1 is a sideelevation of a shaper upon which a device embodying my invention ismounted.

' Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view on line 2 2 of Fig. 1, partsbeing broken away.

Fig. 3 is a view on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig.4 is an enlarged sectional view on line 4-4 of Fig. 3. V

Fig. 5 is an enlarged, sectional view on line 55 of Fig. 3.

My invention comprises a rotatable driven shaft 6 actuated by a cam emounted 011 the bull wheel shank a and operating upon a cross feed shaftD.

The shaper A has the shaft a extending from the side of its base a.Interiorly to the base and mounted concentric with the shaft (6 is abull wheel, the shank a of which is shown in the drawings. The hullwheel is actuated from the pulley shaft (1, by any suitable means, suchas gears. in a manner well known and requiring no further explanation orillustration. The shank a of the bull wheel is keyed to the sleeveatwhich is mounted upon the shaft ('6 and extends into the bore of thehull .vheel shank. The

shaft c'extends thru the sleeve o The outer end a of the shafta is screwthreaded and the lock nut a is mounted upon the threaded section ofshaft to and abuts the sleeve a and the bull wheel, the sleeve a, andthe shaft (4, rotate as a Whole. A square head is formed on the outerend of shaft a to permit adjustn'ient of the stroke of the ram A. Ahousing a" is mounted upon the base of the shaper and encases the bullwheel shank. The housing a is mounted upon the sleeve 64* and housing aand encases the mechanism now to be described.

A flange a formed on the sleeve a serves as a bearing upon which one endof the housing a is mounted. The shoulder a resulting from the formationof the flange a" abuts the bull wheel shank. The shoulder a. resultingin like manner from the formation of the flange a. abuts the cam amounted upon and keyed to the sleeve a interiorly to the housing a Anoil chamber a is formed in the bottom of the housing a and has a drainporta in it. The plug a seats in the drain port. The sleeveza is mountedupon bearing 02 mounted in the outer wall of the housing a Suitablepacking a is mounted in the bearing a and prevents lea rage of oil fromthe oil chan1- her a. y and preferably at right angles to the shaft a isthe driven shaft Z). Shaft I) comprises the sleeve 6 and thelongitudinally reciprocating shaft 6 the reciprocating shaft Extendingfrom the housing a extending into and telescoping into the sleeve Z).The key 6 joins the sleeve and'reciproeating shaft. Mounted upon thesleeve 6 is a sleeve bearing 79 within which sleeve "6 can rotate, andupon which is mounted the slidable housing 6 The sleeve 5 is pressedinto the housing a and extends into the interior thereof. Containedwithin the lions ing a is the friction plate l) which extends into andis keyed to the inner end of the sleeve 5. by means of the keys 6. Thefriction plate 6 abuts and extends beyond the inner ends of the sleevesZ) and I). An adjustment disk o is mounted upon the sleeve 7) interiorlyto the housing a and immediately adjacent to such housing. The disk .7)has a series of teeth 6 upon its periphery. A pin b is mounted in thebore 7 b in the boss 7) in the housing a and is held in engagement withthe teeth on the disk 5 by means of a spring 6 contained in the bore 6of the boss 6 A lug b is mounted on the disk Z)". An adjustable abutmentscrew 6 is mounted on the lug b. A lever Z1 is mounted on the disk 6 andextends thru a slot 0. in the housing 0. The disk If engages the housinga adjacent to slot a and closes such slot. Mounted on the sleeve 6 andabutting the disk ifi at one end and the flange b of plate 6 at itsother end is the oscillating arm I). Suitable packing 6 encased withinthe oscillating arm prevents escape of the oil from within the casing (iThe arm 72 has a lug 7)" extending therefrom adapted to engage theabutment screw 7) on the lug 7) on the disk 72. A roller Z) is mountedupon the arm 6 and is adapted to engage the face a of the cam (1. A pawl72 is mounted on the arm 71 and engages the teeth I) of the ratchetwheel 7) mounted upon the shoulder 6 of the friction plate 7). A washerZ) is mounted on the shoulder 5 of the friction plate between the flangeo on the friction plate and the ratchet wheel 6 Formed on the frictionplate 7) is a threaded plug Z), and mounted upon this plug are thewasher b the springs 72 and the lock nuts 7). The springs if havesufficient tension to press the ratchet wheel I), the washer 7) and theflange 7,) upon one another that normally these members rotate as a.unit. Mounted upon the arm 6 is the coil spring 7), one end of which issecured to the disk I)" and the other end of which engages the arm I).

Upon the forward end of the shaft 7F is mounted a bevel gear 7) whichengages the bevel gears (Z and (7 adapted to actuate the cross feedshaft D.

The cross feed shaft D is cased within the housing (Z, and has mountedupon it the bevel gears 11 and (Z and the double clutch sleeve d. Thegears (Z and (Z are loosely mounted on the shaft D and at all timesengage the beveled gear I). The double clutch sleeve (Z is keyed to theshaft D and, has teeth formed upon its opposite ends that are adapted toengage the teeth d" and (Z upon the gears (Z and (Z respectively,whereby the rotation of the shaft D may be reversed. A clutch lover (Zextends thru the housing (Z whereby the double clutch sleeve may beactuated. The clutch lever r1 has in it, interiorly to housing (Z. abore d in which are mounted the ball (Z and spring (Z The spring holdsthe ball upon the interior of the housing (Z and retains the ball in oneof the seats (I formed in the housim and holding the double clutchsleeve in or out of engagement with the bevel gears (1' and (F. A handwheel (Z is mounted upon one end of the shaft D and the other end of theshaft D extends into a threaded block (Z in the work support d mountedupon the front of the base of the shaper. The work support (.7 isadapted to be adjusted to various elevations in a well known manner.

The operation of my device is as follows:

The bull wheel shank n; is driven from the pulley shafta by means; ofsuitable gears. The cam a mounted on the sleeve a rotates in unison withthe bull wheel and shaft a and as it is revolved it. strikes the rollerI) mounted on the arm N, thereby pushing the arm 6 about the axis of theshaft The paw] 1 mounted on the arm .0 is in engagement with the teethof the ratchet wheel I) and revolves the ratchetwhcel about its axis.The springs 71 hold the ratchet wheel 6 washer 7F and friction plate I)"in frictional engagement where-- by the friction plate is rcvolvc 'l.The friction plate is keyed to the sleeve 7/ which in turn is keyed tothe shaft 7) having the gear 6 mounted upon it. The arc thru which thearm 72" is moved. is determined by the relation between the roller I)and the cam (4 \Vhen the lever I). see Fig. is moved in a clockwisedirection. screw 0" on the lug Z) on the disk 7.) pushes the lug b" onthe arm 7) before it thereby moving the roller Z) away from the cam o.\Yhen the lever I) is moved to its limit in a clock-wise direction, theroller will be held outward beyond the cam a and the cam u. will at notime during any of its revolutions engage the roller 5 and therefore theshaft 0 will not be actuated. is the lever 7) is moved in acounter-clock-wiso direction, the roller approachcs the cam o and atfirst engages the outermost portion of the cam only. As the lever ismoved farther in a counter-clockwise direction the roller engages moreand more of the cams face. and coincipientlv as: the cam revolves itwill move the roller thru an arc in proportion to the extent to whichthe roller is moved toward the bull wheel shank 0. The spring 71 islcnsioncd as the roller is actuated by the cam and is moved from itsnormal position. consequently the roller tends to assume a position inwhich the spring will be untensioned and therefore will resist the camand tend to rclurn to its normal position. The rollcr will return to itsnormal position as soon as the cam permits it to do so. In the normalposition of the roller. the lugs 71 and a" are in cngagemeni. Should itoccur that for an onionseen reason. the rotation of the shaft H or themovement of the work support 1/ is blocked. the spring 71 and\-...shc-.- b will permit the ratchet wheel b to slip upon the washerand to move about its axis without actuating the friction plate 7;.

The movement of the shaft is transmitted to cross feed shaft D by ni ansof the bevel gears 71, (Z and I]: and he double clutch (F. The cam is somounted on thc sleeve (0* that the shaft 6 will be actuated flu onlyduring such a time when the ram A of the'shap'er is on its back stroke,whereby the work support (Z will be fed across the shaper only at such atimewhen the ram A is on its back stroke. Tlie fixed relation of theseveral parts, due to the fact that they are keyed to one anotherassures the feed upon the back stroke. 'VVhen the clutch (Z is in itscentral or neutral position the work support (Z is not fed. As an addedprecaution, because of accidental contact of a workman with the lever (Zcontrolling the clutch (Z the roller b -may be moved outward beyond thecam a? by means of the lever Z1 thereby avoiding any movement of theshaft Z2 The feed of the mechanism can be readily determined by means"of the indicator plate I) mounted upon the housing a over which theindex fingerb mounted on the lever 7) "extends, The pin o engaging inthe teeth I) on the disk holds the disk in any adjusted position therebyassuring a uniform feed.

The telescopic shaft and sleeves b, 71" and housing permit the worksupport cl to be raised or lowered. The housing a adapted to move aboutthe housing a and sleeve o and the housing (Z is adapted to move aboutthe cross feed shaft 1). thereby avoiding any strain upon any of theparts due to the movement of the work support (Z ,As the roller ismoved. by the cam, the driven shaft is actuated, and as soon as the camhas moved the roller to the limit of the cams path, the pawl ratchetsover the ratchet wheel. It is during the time while the pawl movestoward its normal position that the ram A. is making its cutting stroke,wherefore it is impossible for the work supportto be fed at any timeexcept during the back stroke of the ram. T he roller is moved out ofthe path of the cam by means of the lever 5 and the adjustment disk,when no feed is wanted, therefore, none of the parts except the cam willbe actuated.

WVhat I claim is:

1. In .a feed mechanism the comhinaticm with a drive shaft, of a cammounted on the drive shaft, a driven shaft for arcnate adjustment aboutthe drive sl'iaft and comprising a sleeve and a longitudinallyreciprocating shaft extending into the sleeve and keyed thereto, aratchet wheel mounted on the sleeve, an oscillating arm mounted on thesleeve and adapted to be extended into the path of the cam, a pawlmounted on the oscillating arm and engaging the ratchet wheel. anadjustable work support, a cross feed shaft engaging the work support.and means to transmit the movement of the driven shaft to the cross feedshaft.

2. In feed mechanism the combination with a drive shaft, of a cammounted on the drive shaft, a driven shaft for arcu'ate adustment aboutthe drive shaft and comprisdisk.

ing a sleeve and a longitudinally reciprocating shaft extending into thesleeve and keyed thereto, a friction plate fixedly mounted on thesleeve, a ratchet wheel mounted revolubly upon the friction plate,yieldable means mountedupon the friction plate and retaining the ratchetwheel in frictional driving contact with the friction plate, anoscillating arm mounted on the sleeve, a pawl mounted on the arm andengaging the ratchet wheel, an adjustable work support, a cross feedshaft engaging the work support, and means to transmit the movement ofthe driven shaft to the cross feed shaft.

3. A feed mechanism comprising a drive shaft, a cam mounted on the driveshaft, a driven shaft, a ratchet wheel mounted on the driven shaft, adisc mounted for rotatable adjustment upon the driven shaft, a lug onthe adjustable disk, an oscillating arm mounted on the driven sha-ft, alug on the oscillating arm adapted to engage the lug on the adjustabledisk. a pawl mounted on the oscillating arm and engaging the ratchetwheel, and means normally holding the lug" on the oscillating arm inengagement with the hiig on the adjustable disk and adapted toyieldinglv retain the oscillating arm in the path of the cam.

l -l-, A feed mechanism comprising a drive shaft, a cain mounted on thedrive shaft, a driven shaft, a friction plate mounted fixedly on thedriven shaft, a ratchet wheel mounted rcv-olubly upon the frictionplate, a washer interposed between the friction plate and the ratehe'twieel. means mounted on the friction plate yieldablv retaining theratchet wheel and the washer in frictional engage- ,ment with oneanother and with the friction plate, a disc mounted for rotatableadjustment upon adriven shaft. :1 lug on the adjustable disc. anoscillating arm mounted on the driven shaft, a lug on theoscillatingar-m adapted to engage "the lug on the ad ustable tain theoscillating arm in the path of the calli.

5. A feed mechanism comprising a drive shaft, a cam mounted on the driveshaft, a driven shaft at an angle to the drive shaft,

a ratchet wheel mounted on the driven shaft, I

2. disc mounted for rotatable adjustment upon the driven shaft, a lug onthe adjustable an oscillating arm mounted on the driven shaft, a lug onthe oscillating arm adapted to engage a lug on the adjust-able disc, apawl mounted on the oscillating arm and engaging the ratchet wheel, andmeans normally holding the lug on the oscillating arm in engagement withthe lug on the adjustable disk and adapted to yielding-1y retain theoscillating arm in the path of the cam.

6. A shaper cross feed mechanism comprising a drive shaft, a sleevemounted on the drive shaft, a cam mounted on the sleeve, a housingmounted movablv upon the sleeve and having an oil chamber formedtherein, a driven shaft extending thru the housing, a friction platemounted on the driven shaft interiorly to the housing, a ratchet wheelmounted revolubly on the friction plate, an oscillating arm mounted onthe driven shaft adapted to be moved into various degrees ofregistration with the cam, a pawl mounted on the oscillating arm andengaging the ratchet wheel. a cross feed shaft and means fortransmitting the movement of the driven shaft to the cross feed shaft.

7. A feed mechanism comprising a drive shaft, a cam mounted on the driveshaft, a driven shaft, a ratchet wheel mounted on the driven shaft, anoscillating arm mounted on the driven shaft. a pawl mounted on theoscillating arm and engaging the ratchet wheel, a lug on the oscillatingarm. a roller mounted on the oscillating arm in alignment with the cam,a disc mounted for rotatable adjustment upon the driven shaft, means toretain the disk in an adjusted position, a lug on the disk adapted tonormall; engage the lug on the oscillating arm. and means mounted on thedisk and on the arm adapted to retain the lugs in normal relation and toyieldingly retain the roller in the path of the cam. the adjustabledisk, the oscillating arm and the roller being adjustable to suchpositions whereby the roller may be interposed in the path of the cam tovarious degrees of registration therewith.

8. A feed mechanism comprising adrive shaft, a sleeve mounted fixedly onthe drive shaft, a cam mounted on the sleeve, a slotted housing mountedmovably upon the sleeve, a driven shaft extending into the housing, aratchet wheel mounted on the driven shaft interiorly to the housing, anoscillating arm mounted on the driven shaft, a pawl mounted on the armand engaging the ratchet wheel. a roller on the oscillating arm adaptedto be moved into the path of the cam, :1 lug on the oscillating arm, adisk mounted for rotatable adjustment upon the driven shaft interiorl vto the housing and adapted to cover the slot in the housing, a levermounted on the disk and extending thru the slot in the housing, a lug onthe disk adapted normally to engage the lug on the oscillating arm,teeth on the disk, a. pin mounted upon the housing, means to retain thepin in yieldable frictional engagement with the teeth on the disk, and aspring engaging the disk and the oscillating arm and adapted toyieldingly retain the lugs in their normal relation.

9. A feed mechanism comprising a drive shaft, a sleeve mounted fixedlyon the drive shaft, a cam mounted on the sleeve, a slotted housingmounted movably upon the sleeve, a driven shaft extending into thehousing, a friction plate mounted on the driven shaft inte'riorl to thehousing, a ratchet wheel mounted revolubly upon the friction plate,means holding the ratchet wheel in yieldable frictional engagement uponthe frietion plate, an oscillating arm mounted on the driven shaft, apawl mounted on the arm and ei'igaging the ratchet wheel, a lug on thearm, an adjustable disk mounted on the driven shaft intcriorl to thehousing and covering the slot in the housing, a lever extending thru theslot in the housing, a lug on the disk normally engaging the lug on thearm. means to hold the disk in an adjusted position. and a coiled springmounted about the driven shaft and engaging the disk and the arm, thespring being adapted to yieldinglv retain the lugs in their normalpositions.

10. A feed mechanism comprising a drive shaft, a sleeve mounted fixedlyon the drive shaft, a cam mounted on the sleeve, a slotted housingmounted movably upon the sleeve, a driven shaft extending into thehousing, a. friction plate mounted on the driven shaft; interiorlv tothe housing. a ratchet wheel mounted revolubl v uponthc friction plate,means holding the ratchet wheel in yieldable frictional engagement uponthe friction plate, an oscillating arm mounted on the driven shaft. apawl mounted on the arm and ei'igaging the ratchet wheel, :1 lug on thearm. an adjustable disk mounted on the driven shaft interiorlv to thehousing and covering the slot in the housing, a lever extending thru theslot in the housing. :1 lug on the disk normally engaging the lug on thearm, means to hold the disk in an adjusted position, an adjustable worksupport, ano a feed shaft engaging the work support and means totransmit the movcn'ientof the driven shaft to the feed shaft.

11. A shaper cross feed mechanism comprising a drive shaft. :1 housingenclosing one end of the drive shaft. and mounted for arcuate adjustmentabout the drive shaft, the housing having an oil chamber formed withinit, a driven shaft extending into the housing and capable of arcuatcadjustment, with the housing about the drive shaft, a cam mounted on thedrive shaft and contained within the housing. and means carried by thedriven shaft for adjustment IO- ward and a ay from the cam whereby toeffect variable contacts between such means and the cam for modifyingthe extent of movement of the driven shaft per revolution of the driveshaft.

12. j shapcr feed comprising a drive shaft, a driven shaft mounted forarcuate movement about the drive shaft, a cam on the drive shaft, thecam having an operating face all portions of which extend in suhstantialparallelism with the axis of the driven shaft, and a member mounted onthe driven shaft and adjustable toward and away from the operating faceof the cam for variable contact with the cam face for imparting variableand intermittent movement to the driven shaft.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 15th dayof November, 1920.

ALBERT K. WATCHER.

